| While key elements of today's external economic | | | | right to the bottom line.o For a single community |
| environment are certainly challenging, the assisted | | | | assisted living operator with a typical baseline monthly |
| living business and its market fundamentals remain | | | | service fee of $3,300 per month, the 70 percent |
| strong. For most senior living companies, 2010 is the | | | | incremental profit margin results in a new cash |
| year to sharpen strategic focus-laying a solid | | | | benefit of $2,310 per month, or a $27,720 annual |
| foundation for a potentially strong future for assisted | | | | increase in cash flow for each additional occupied |
| living- despite being amid the most significant | | | | room.o If a four-community operator increased |
| economic recession since the Great Depression. An | | | | occupancy by just two rooms per community, the |
| unemployment rate that hovered around 10 percent | | | | potential financial enhancement is $55,440 (27,720 |
| toward the end of 2009, a credit crisis, depressed | | | | ∞ 2) per community per year-times four |
| home sales, significant consumer savings/ investment | | | | communities equals $221,760 per year. With a 9.5 |
| portfolio losses, and low consumer confidence all | | | | percent cap rate, this could increase the value of the |
| contributed to a slow-down in business. | | | | four-property portfolio by up to $2.3 million. |
| Early indicators of a modest recovery are gradually | | | | Focus on Improvements |
| surfacing, but the overall economic recession | | | | If assisted living operators begin to feel a financial |
| recovery time will be extensive and largely | | | | pinch, they are forced to focus on existing |
| unpredictable. During this recovery period, consumer | | | | operations. Why not focus on existing operations |
| spending and the availability of consumer and | | | | more consistently? Here is a typical real world |
| business credit will likely involve more cautious and | | | | operations enhancement scenario. |
| conservative consumer and lender decisions. | | | | TYPICAL SCENARIO FOR OPERATIONS |
| Supply-Demand Balance | | | | ENHANCEMENT |
| The current economic environment has directly | | | | A typical 80-room assisted living community operates |
| impacted typical senior consumers' saving and | | | | with 26,280 resident days per year (80 units at 90 |
| investment portfolios and their ability to sell their | | | | percent stabilized occupancy equals 72 units ∞ |
| homes. Thus, the industry is experiencing delayed | | | | 365 days per year). Typical assisted living operating |
| demand and absorption for senior living units. | | | | expenses are currently benchmarked at |
| However, this delayed demand will ultimately result in | | | | approximately $80 - $108 per resident-day (PRD). |
| a relatively strong upside once the housing market | | | | This wide range is influenced by resident acuity and |
| stabilizes and senior consumer investment portfolios | | | | resulting direct care costs.o An operating expense |
| partially recover from current losses. That's because | | | | reduction of just $1 per resident-day (PRD) is a |
| of a growing assisted living supply-demand imbalance. | | | | reasonable goal. It represents approximately 1 |
| Construction of new communities is currently at an | | | | percent of current total operating expenses PRD. |
| all-time low, and there are significant barriers to entry | | | | With 26,280 annual resident-days, the $1 cash savings |
| for new projects in terms of production cost and | | | | going right to the bottom line would be $26,280 per |
| approvals. In terms of pent-up demand, age- and | | | | year.o With a 9.5 percent valuation cap rate, the cash |
| income-qualified demographics continue to grow at a | | | | savings in this scenario could have a favorable |
| predictable and moderate pace. Plus, the need for | | | | increased value impact of at least $275,000 for a |
| assisted living as an affordable alternative to both | | | | single, 80-room, free-standing assisted living |
| independent living and skilled nursing continues to | | | | community. |
| increase. Stabilized occupancy for assisted living as | | | | For some, this operations enhancement scenario may |
| reported by the National Investment Center for the | | | | appear to be a hypothetical exercise in arithmetic. |
| Seniors Housing & Care Industry (NIC) was at | | | | But, if you are a single community assisted living |
| 89 percent in late 2009-down approximately 0.4 | | | | operator, you're probably constantly fighting |
| percent from 2008. However, assisted living | | | | economies of scale and every dollar really counts. |
| occupancy declines may have bottomed out as they | | | | Look for that $1 PRD savings within two of your |
| actually increased in the last half of 2009. Average | | | | cost centers: sharpened, hands-on direct care costs |
| monthly service fees have increased by 2 percent | | | | and total dietary costs (raw food, labor, etc.), which |
| from late 2008. This favorable supply-demand | | | | should not exceed $20 PRD. |
| situation will eventually lead to a relatively strong | | | | A multi-community operator can benefit significantly |
| assisted living recovery. | | | | from operations enhancement. If an operator had a |
| In 2010, however, the margin for senior living | | | | portfolio of four 80-room assisted living communities, |
| performance error has narrowed considerably. Astute | | | | that $1 PRD reduction would translate into an |
| operators realize that while they cannot completely | | | | increased annual cash flow of approximately $105,120 |
| control the external market, they can control and | | | | (four properties Σ 26,280 resident-days per |
| optimize their internal operations. In fact, a number of | | | | property at a $1 per resident-day expense reduction). |
| owner/operators have sustained their operating profit | | | | Capitalized at 9.5 percent, that would result in an |
| margins by reducing expenses to compensate for | | | | increased portfolio value impact of $1.1 million. |
| declining occupancy. The opportunity for realizing | | | | Profit Margin Benchmarks |
| significant growth and upside potential within existing | | | | The ultimate financial performance metric, profit |
| assisted living properties-also known as organic | | | | margins are defined as net operating income or |
| growth-is significant this year. There are two areas | | | | EBITDAR (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, |
| offering significant opportunities: optimizing occupancy | | | | Depreciation, Amortization, and Rent/ Lease |
| in difficult markets and operations enhancement | | | | payments). Today, assisted living profit margins are |
| through expense reduction. | | | | typically ranging between 27 and 30 percent. Some |
| Optimizing Occupancy | | | | assisted living communities have higher profit margins, |
| Astute owner/operators know the opportunity cost | | | | but many experience much lower returns while |
| of a vacant apartment or room. Simply stated, they | | | | having unrealized upside potential. Savvy owner |
| are investing more in sales and marketing during | | | | operators know they must strike that delicate |
| these difficult times because the potential returns on | | | | balance between profit margins, high standards of |
| that investment are very significant. Here is a basic | | | | care, clinical excellence, and optimum resident |
| scenario that outlines typical opportunity cost. | | | | satisfaction. |
| OPPORTUNITY COST OF A TYPICAL VACANCY | | | | Overall, 2010 will likely be another challenging year, |
| For every additional occupied room (occupancies in | | | | but there will also be some real operational |
| excess of 80 percent), one could assume | | | | opportunities for assisted living operators. While not all |
| approximately 30 percent of the additional monthly | | | | of the positive financial enhancements outlined here |
| service fee would go for new, incremental expenses. | | | | can be realized simultaneously, just a small portion of |
| That is because at relatively high occupancies most | | | | each of them can easily have a significant positive |
| operating costs are already "sunk"-they are incurred | | | | and largely permanent financial impact on senior living |
| and covered. As an example, you may not have to | | | | operations. This year is the year that assisted living |
| buy more raw food or hire another employee for | | | | owner/ operators must look back with 20/20 |
| one additional resident.o Approximately 70 percent of | | | | hindsight and, most importantly, look forward with an |
| the additional monthly service fee represents a very | | | | entrepreneurial vision. |
| high incremental profit margin-new cash that drops | | | | |